The theory of evolution of organisms is proved to be one of the three greatest discoveries of the XIX century in the field of natural sciences (together with the law of the preserving the energy and cellular theory).It explains the origin, evolution and diversity of species as a result of continuous historical process.

The essence of Darwin’s theory is brought to the hereditary mutability and development, evolution. According to Darwin the diversity of the present flora and fauna evolved from a very small number of ancestors. In the course of thousands of years plenty of useful hereditary changes have accumulated in their generations, through which the species have adapted to certain environmental conditions. Therefore, the evolutionary process is determined by the natural and artificial selection, heredity and changeability.

Reading the main principles of Darwin’s theory I was impressed by his statements about the origin of animal’s breeds and plant types. For example, he proved that presently existing 30 breeds of pigeon originate from wild rocky pigeon.

I bread several types of pigeons, so I decision to apply for the contest choosing the artificial selection. In it man selects and preserves specimen with useful qualities and ensures their reproduction. I was deeply inspired by Darwin’s conclusion that man could never create the bread double-chinned pigeon if sometimes pigeons with larger chins had not appeared.

I enclose short description of some of the pigeons which I look after and some photos of their representatives.



Carrier pigeons- used for races because they gather speed approximately 100 km/h.

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Kabaci-are distinguished for their small site and their extremely tiny beak, which hamper their feeding and offspring raising.

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Chinese- much smaller than the rest types of pigeons, but they are distinguished for their short beak and large eye-balls.

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Fenerlii , fenderlii or paunlii – their distinguished feature is the train which is very similar to the peacocks from where their name comes.


Essay by Kostadin Hadjidimanov, 17 years old.